Geotechnical engineers utilize a critical role in detecting subsurface voids, which incur significant challenges to the stability and efficacy of structures. These hidden cavities can arise from various reasons, such as geological formations, degradation, or human interventions. Leveraging a suite of investigative techniques, including geophysical
Subsurface voids wells pose significant risks to geotechnical integrity. Accurately identifying these voids is essential for ensuring the soundness of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole logging, can be laborious and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysical techniques, including ground penetrating ra
Geophysical exploration employs a crucial role in the identification and evaluation of potential mineral deposits. By employing various physical methods, geologists can survey beneath the Earth's surface to detect subsurface structures and anomalies indicative of mineral concentration. These geophysical techniques often involve the observation of